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Glossary

The Kallanish Glossary aims to be a useful resource for complex industry specific terminology. We are constantly adding to our glossary, so if you have a suggestion or amendment please do get in touch.
Supercapacitor

A supercapacitor (SC), also called an ultracapacitor, is a high-capacity capacitor with a capacitance value much higher than other capacitors, but with lower voltage limits, that bridges the gap between electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable batteries. It typically stores 10 to 100 times more energy per unit volume or mass than electrolytic capacitors, can accept and deliver charge much faster than batteries, and tolerates many more charge and discharge cycles than rechargeable batteries.

Supercharger

Superchargers deliver energy rapidly, and gradually slow down as the battery fills. A supercharger is an air compressor that increases the pressure or density of air supplied to an internal combustion engine (ICE). This gives each intake cycle of the engine more oxygen, letting it burn more fuel and do more work, thus increasing the power output. Power for the supercharger can be provided mechanically by means of a belt, shaft, or chain connected to the engine's crankshaft.

Common usage restricts the term supercharger to mechanically driven units; when power is instead provided by a turbine powered by exhaust gas, a supercharger is known as a turbocharger or just a turbo—or in the past a turbosupercharger.

Surcharge

This is an addition to the normal mill price of steel to cover the cost of alloying elements used in producing certain grades. In some cases surcharges also reflect energy costs. Surcharges were introduced when the price of alloying elements, such as nickel, became much more volatile, moving sharply away from their historic, and more stable, price range. Mills were faced with sharply escalating prices and introduced surcharges to protect their margins. Clearly over time surcharge values move down as well as up.

Surface Pipe

Pipe which is set with cement through the shallow water sands to avoid polluting the water and keep the sand from caving in while drilling a well.

Sustainability

Sustainability is the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level, meeting our own needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Sustainable energy

Sustainable energy involves increasing production of renewable energy, making safe energy universally available, and energy conservation. The use of energy is considered sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations. Sustainable energy typically include environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, and social and economic aspects such as energy poverty.

 

Swab

A swab is a tool which is lowered down a pipe on a wire line and then pulled out of the hole. As it travels up the pipe, rubber elements expand so that the fluid in the pipe is trapped above the swab and pushed to the surface. This  is necessary when the formation pressure is not high enough to blow the fluids in the pipe to the surface.

Sweet Gas

This describes natural gas that is free of significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide when produced.

Syndicated Loan

When there is a requirement for a very large loan, such as for financing a new steelworks, a group of banks, or other financial institutions qualified to conduct credit transactions, often work together as a syndicate to provide the necessary funds to the borrower. 

Synthetic graphite

Synthetic graphite is an artificial type of graphite, and is a petroleum-based composite used in a variety of applications requiring superior to natural graphite properties. This composite can be produced in several ways, all of which change the physical properties of the final graphite. 

Synthetic Natural Gas

Synthetic gas or SNG is a gas which is obtained by heating coal or refining heavy hydrocarbons.

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