This is a way of producing individual metal parts by mechanical impact. It is suitable for working a wide range of steels, and can be done with the metal cold, warm or hot. The metal changes shape while in a solid rather than molten state making it quite different to a casting process. Forgings are used principally where strength and in-service integrity are key requirements. They are stronger than cast or machined parts because the mechanical deformation allows the grain structure of the metal to closely follow the part’s finished shape. There are a number of forms of forging which involve containing the metal workpiece to a greater or lesser degree. The starting material may be steel bar, billet or ingot, and this is often sourced externally from steelmakers.

The reduction in permeability in reservoir rock due to the infiltration of drilling or treating fluids into the area adjacent to the wellbore.

The pressure of fluids within the pores of a reservoir, usually hydrostatic pressure, or the pressure exerted by a column of water from the formation's depth to sea level.

Water in the undisturbed zone around a borehole. The resistivity and other properties of this water are used in the interpretation of measurements made in the borehole or from the surface. Although formation water normally is the same as the geological formation water, or interstitial water, it may be different because of the influx of injection water.

Fracking refers to the procedure of creating fractures in rocks and rock formations by injecting fluid into cracks to force them further open. The larger fissures allow more oil and gas to flow out of the formation and into the wellbore, from where it can be extracted. Fracking has resulted in many oil and gas wells attaining a state of economic viability, due to the level of extraction that can be reached.

Free-cutting steel is used for making engineering components and is most commonly supplied to the machinist as hot rolled, cold drawn, turned or precision ground bar. It has certain properties during mechanical machining operations like drilling, turning and milling. 

The gaseous phase present in a reservoir or other contained area. Gas may be found either dissolved in reservoir fluids or as free gas that tends to form a gas cap beneath the top seal on the reservoir trap.

A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidising agent into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen (usually from air) to sustain the chemical reaction, whereas in a battery the chemical energy usually comes from metals and their ions or oxides that are commonly already present in the battery, except in flow batteries. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously for as long as fuel and oxygen are supplied.

A fuel cell is an electrochemical device, which converts chemical energy to electrical energy without combustion. Unlike a battery, a fuel cell will continuously produce electricity as long as fuel is supplied and the catalyst remains active.

A full hard steel refers to a cold rolled sheet steel that has not been softened by annealing

(Or baghouse or elephant house)  An air pollution control device and dust collector that removes particulates or gas released from commercial processes out of the air.

Galvanizing is the word given to the process of applying a thin layer of zinc or zinc-aluminium alloy to steel thus providing corrosion resistance. The two principal coating methods are continuous galvanizing and batch (or general) galvanizing. Continuous galvanizing is used to coat flat-rolled steel (mostly cold reduced, but some hot rolled), and also wire and tube. Zinc is applied either by hot-dip coating (the steel passes through a pot of molten zinc) or electrolytic coating (deposition takes place in a series of electrolytic cells). Hot dip is the most common method as it is cheaper. 

Galvanneal refers to a sheet steel product that is annealed after hot dip galvanizing with zinc. The coated steel product is given exceptional corrosion resistance due to the external zinc-iron alloy coating.

A field containing natural gas but no oil.

The process whereby separated associated gas is pumped back into a reservoir for conservation purposes or to maintain the reservoir pressure.